PROBLEM TREE DAN 5 WHYS UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI AKAR MASALAH PROGRAM PERIKANAN TANGKAP PANGANDARAN

Abstract

The decline in the performance of the capture fisheries sector in Pangandaran Regency shows a significant gap between policy targets and actual results in the field, where capture fisheries production in 2021 only reached 57.16% of the set target. This condition creates an urgency to view the decline in catch not merely as a technical problem, but as a systemic public policy issue. This study aims to identify the core problems, root causes, and impacts of the decline in fish catches through an analytical approach that focuses on the stages of policy problem identification and structuring. The study uses a qualitative approach with the Problem Tree Analysis method, supplemented by the 5 Whys technique to trace hierarchical cause-and-effect relationships, utilizing secondary data in the form of local government performance documents and national and international scientific literature. The results show that the low realization of capture fisheries production is the outcome of a complex interaction between technological limitations and small fishing fleets, weak fisheries supervision, inadequate supporting infrastructure, and asymmetrical regional budget priorities. These findings confirm that the failure of fisheries policy cannot be explained by a single factor, but rather by an interlocking structure of problems The implications of this study emphasize the importance of reformulating evidence-based policies by sharpening problem identification as the basis for improving capture fisheries governance at the local level.